This course is an introduction comprehensive study of heavy oil transportation. Experience in the production of heavy crude oils has demonstrated that the majority of conventional production systems and treatments are highly inefficient. The production, treatment, storage and fluid transference through pipelines of high viscosity crude oils are associated to severe and costly technical problems. The main objective of this course is to increase the efficiency in the production and transportation of heavy crude oil areas and reduce significantly the high cost of producing and transporting high viscosity crude oil.

• Study the rheology of heavy oils, Application of technical of Dilution by using diluents to optimize the transportation

• Pipeline design including thermal insulation calculation and power pumping system and at the same time to study the new technology to transport heavy oil and Paraffinc crude oil

• The study of conventional methods and operational problems associated use of those with the use of those methods in the production of heavy oil areas

• The study of theoretical field constituted by six wells producing different types of heavy crude oils at different rates of production.

1.      Scope and Objectives of the course

2.      Production and Transportation of high Viscosity Crude Oils Economic Impact

3.      Heavy Oils, Typical Heavy Oil reservoir/ World Areas major reserves of Heavy Oils

4.       Concept and definitions of Viscosity

5.      Paraffin Fraction and Characterization

6.      Composition of Paraffin  crude Oils

7.      Crystallization Process in Paraffin

8.      Aggregate and Disaggregate Theory

9.      Pour Point

10.   Cloud Point

11.   Viscosity behaviour in Paraffin Crude Oils 

12.   Absolute Viscosity; Kinematics  Viscosity; Saybolt Universal Viscosity; Saybolt Viscosity Furol

13.   Viscosity Units, equations and Conversions

14.   Viscometers, Uses and Limitations

15.   Viscosity-Temperature Correlation and use of ASTM-341 charts

16.   Characteristics of High Viscosity Crude Oils/ Typical Components

17.   Mixing Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oils

18.   Mathematical Aspects of Mixing Viscosity of Heavy Crude Oils

19.   Laboratory Study analysis: Effect of Diluents  on Heavy Crude Oils

20.   Deviations of Viscosity in Heavy Crude oils

21.    International Contract Crude oil Transport based on Dynamic Viscosity

22.     Concept of Emulsions and Types of emulsions

23.   Concept of pseudo- dynamic emulsions/ Effects on the line pressure and its control.

24.   Impact of Paraffin and Asphaltene on Emulsions and transport of heavy crude oils.

25.    Mathematical Basis of the computer program to predict Mixing Viscosity.

26.   Prediction of Mixing Viscosity under Dynamic conditions.

27.   Non-Newtonian heavy crude oil effect on Mixing Viscosity.

28.   Analysis and design of A PIPELINE AND A DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM of Diluent Injection to optimize a heavy crude oil field.

29.   Application of the Mathematical model for calculation of Diluents

30.   Optimization Process for selection of Diluents by using the mathematical model

31.   Analysis of the results and general discussion

32.   Pumps, Design and Selection

33.   Calculation of NPSH and BHP required

34.   Starts and Stops of Transport of Paraffinic Non Newtonian A Crude Oil

35.   Design of  Pumping  Stations

36.   Friction Reductors, Selection and design

37.   Required Equipments and Operative Costs of different methods of Transportation of Heavy Crude Oils

38.   Pipeline Control

This course is designed for Production and Reservoir Engineers and their supervisors; Chemical Engineers Associated with crude oil production in areas of high viscosity.  Technical field personnel and services companies representatives to obtain or increase the understanding of the overall concepts and principles of improving the efficiency of production, treatment and the handling of heavy crude oils.