Water alternating gas (WAG) injection are improved oil recovery methods that involve three-phase fluid flow. It was originally proposed as a method to improve the sweep efficiency of gas by using water to control the mobility ratio and to stabilize the front (Caudle and Dyes, 1958; Christensen et al., 1998). WAG injection can lead to improved oil recovery by combining better mobility control and contacting upswept zones, and by leading  to  improved microscopic displacement. WAG flooding has been successfully applied to more than 60 oilfields worldwide. This course will present WAG Miscible, WAG Immiscible, WAG alternating different types of Hydrocarbon Gases and Non-HC such as N2 and CO2 Gases. Also, the course will present and study the Factors Influencing Wag Process Design such as Fluid properties and rock-fluid, Availability and composition of injection gas, Heterogeneous Permeability, Injection Pattern, Capillary pressure, Relative permeability and Wettability. A WAG Process is presented and discussed in the course as well as Field cases and Laboratory research cases and results.

1.      Comparative of EOR methods and use of Waterflooding

2.      Study of the EOR Mechanism in  Chemical and Miscible and WAG Methods

3.      EOR Screening Criteria and technical constrains for Chemical and WAG methods.

4.      Study of an actual case WAG Miscible and WAG immiscible processes

5.      Comparison between WAG Alternating and Continue Injection Gas

6.      Technically Review and Study of the  Factors Influencing WAG Process Design (Fluid properties and rock-fluid, Availability and composition of injection gas, Heterogeneous Permeability, Injection Pattern, Capillary pressure, Relative permeability, and Wettability)

7.      Perform an Analysis of the Water-Alternating-Gas (WAG) Process

8.      Technically review and practice of the Effect of capillary number and mobility ratio on residual oil recover

9.       A comparative study of FIELD CASE AND LABORATORY CASE OF WAG and SWAG.

10.   Miscibility Concepts and Mathematical Background review

11.   Discussion of “The Need for Miscibility Development ”

12.   Effect of Brine Composition 

13.    Importance of CO2 as Injectant Gas 

14.    Problems Associated with the WAG Process

15.   The impact of the following parameters on WAG processes: 

16.    WAG ratio 

17.    Injection pattern 

18.   Injection / production pressure and rates 

19.   WAG cycle time 

20.   Time to Initiate WAG process

21.   Presentation and discussion of technical information on Chemical Flooding: 
- Objectives of Chemical Flooding
- Chemical EOR Screening Criteria
- Processes Evaluations
- Chemical success evaluation with WAG using CO2 Immiscible Processes

I. Introduction to Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Methods 
II. Wag Processes and Factors Influencing Wag Process Design

III. Field Case and Laboratory Case of Wag and Swag

IV. Wag Miscible and Immiscible Displacements

V. Chemical Eor Methods Utilized In Wag Projects

Petroleum engineers, Reservoir engineers, Production engineers, Facilities engineers , Drilling (well) engineers , Development and exploitation engineers , Geoscientists, New venture managers , Asset development managers , Employees new to the industry or with limited industry experience , Government officials , Others involved or interested in EOR technologies and strategies for improving